Copyright
Copyright governs relationships arising from the creation and use of works of science, literature and art. The basis of copyright is the concept of “work”, meaning the original result of creative activity that exists in any objective form. It is this objective form of expression that is subject to copyright protection. Copyright does not extend to ideas, methods, processes, systems, methods, concepts, principles, discoveries, facts.
Related rights
A group of exclusive rights, created in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, modeled on copyright, for activities that are not creative enough to allow copyright to be extended to their results. The content of related rights is significantly different in different countries. The most common examples are the exclusive right of performing musicians, phonogram manufacturers, and broadcasting organizations.
Patent law
Patent law is a system of legal norms that determine the order of protection of inventions, utility models, industrial designs by issuing patents.
Industrial Design Rights
As an industrial design, a new and original artistic and design solution of an industrial or handicraft product can be protected, defining its appearance.
Rights to the means of individualization
A group of intellectual property objects, the rights to which can be combined into one legal institution for the protection of marketing designations. It includes such concepts as: trademark, company name, appellation of origin, domain name. For the first time, legal norms on the protection of means of individualization at the international level are enshrined in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, where a large part of the convention is devoted to trademarks than inventions and industrial designs.
The right to trade secrets (know-how)
Production secrets (know-how) are information of any nature (original technologies, knowledge, skills, etc.), which are protected by trade secrets and can be sold or used to achieve competitive advantage over other business entities. Protection of such information takes place in different ways: if it is technical documentation, then a limited number of people know about it (as a rule, they sign an agreement on a commercial secret), in the case of an invention, innovations are protected in such a way that during technical inspection it is impossible to identify the object of know-how, for example: machine engine mechanisms are made in such a way that the material decomposes in air, and therefore it is impossible to understand the principle of the installation operation (the manufacturer of such machines is Japan).